= Practice Problem =

== Effect of LMAN lesion on behavioral change after deafening ==

This experiment tested whether lesions of a basal ganglia output nucleus (the lateral portion of the magnocellular nucleus of the anterior nidopallium (LMAN)) alters the behavioral consequence of adult deafening in songbirds.  There were 2 treatment groups. The experimental group received a bilateral lesion of the LMAN at the time of deafening. The control group (unlesioned) was subjected to bilateral sham surgery at the time of deafening. For all animals, songs were recorded 7 days before deafening, 1 hour before deafening, and at 5 times (7, 14, 21, 28, 35 days) after deafening.  Recordings taken 1 hour before deafening were used as a template for judging the similarity to song recorded at other times. Overall similarity scores are presented below.

=== Unlesioned ===

|| Animal ID	|| Predeaf	||Deaf7||	Deaf14	||Deaf21	||Deaf28	||Deaf35	|| % lMAN remaining||
||o82b(y82)	||92.63	||85.01	||80.61	||61.14	||56.52	||45.70		||100%||
||o88b(y88)	||95.59	||94.17	||87.41	||83.61	||72.59	||65.17		||100%||
||o100b(y100)	||92.28	||92.69	||93.32	||87.74	||79.69	||66.24		||100%||
||dg11b	||90.32	||91.61	||92.78	||90.90	||85.89	||80.64	||	100%||
||dg15b	||96.36	||90.83	||87.80	||82.06	||75.79	||61.90	||	100%||
								
=== Lesioned ===
			
|| Animal ID	|| Predeaf	|| Deaf7	|| Deaf14 || Deaf21 || Deaf28 || Deaf35	|| % lMAN remaining ||
|| db57b || 96.22 || 95.25 || 96.99 || 97.68 || 95.86 || 99.25 || 0% ||
|| db59b || 95.14 || 93.82 || 94.11 || 92.60 || 93.44 || 92.42 || 5% ||
|| o37b(y37) || 91.02 || 92.95 || 91.05 || 90.14 || 91.96 || 91.15 || 5% ||
|| o38b(y38) || 96.37 || 94.04 || 84.01 || 86.59 || 90.72 || 89.38 || 15% ||
|| o96b(y93) || 93.73 || 93.17 || 92.31 || 89.55 || 90.66 || 88.14 || 15% ||
|| dg10b || 94.64 || 94.00 || 92.35 || 94.00 || 93.64 || 92.00 || 5% ||


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