 
 

where  is the longitude and
 is the longitude and  the latitude. R is the radius of the sphere, which is 1 in our program.
 the latitude. R is the radius of the sphere, which is 1 in our program.  and
 and  are two constants controlling the shape of the projection.
 are two constants controlling the shape of the projection. 
 
 

where  is the longitude and
 is the longitude and  the latitude. R is the radius of the sphere, which is 1 in our program.
 the latitude. R is the radius of the sphere, which is 1 in our program.  and
 and  are two constants controlling the shape of the projection.
 are two constants controlling the shape of the projection.